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A1C Calculator

A1C ↔ eAG, GMI from CGM, IFCC mmol/mol and the ADA category — a screening estimate. Accurate, instant and free — for United States.

What do you want to convert?

What these mean:

Glucose unit

What these mean:

%
A1C conversion
154mg/dL eAG
eAG (mg/dL)
154
eAG (mmol/L)
8.6
A1C (%)
7.0
IFCC (mmol/mol)
53

An A1C of 7% ≈ 154 mg/dL (8.6 mmol/L) estimated average glucose, 53 mmol/mol IFCC. Category: diabetes.

Rates as of 2026

eAG (mg/dL)

154 mg/dL

eAG (mmol/L)

8.6 mmol/L

A1C (%)

7%

IFCC (mmol/mol)

53 mmol/mol

ADA category: diabetesIn the ADA diabetes range (≥ 6.5%)

eAG is not the same as GMI

GMI comes from CGM mean glucose and commonly differs from a lab A1C — it estimates A1C but is not your A1C. eAG, by contrast, is derived from a lab A1C. Never read a CGM-derived GMI as your official A1C.

Screening estimate, not a diagnosis

This is a screening estimate, not a diagnosis. A1C is unreliable in anemia, hemoglobinopathies, pregnancy, recent transfusion and CKD — confirm with a clinician.

How we calculate this

Reviewed by Reckonist Editorial · Last reviewed July 2026. Figures follow the methods and sources set out in our editorial standards.

These conversions use the NGSP/ADAG eAG equation, Bergenstal 2018 GMI, and ADA 2026 thresholds. General health information, not medical advice — consult a clinician.

ADAG eAG · GMI Bergenstal 2018 · ADA Standards of Care 2026

Tracking kidney function too? See the eGFR Calculator.

Methodology

How A1C, eAG and GMI relate

A1C (HbA1c) reflects your average glucose over roughly the past 2–3 months. This tool converts an A1C to estimated average glucose (eAG) with the ADAG equation, back-solves an A1C from an average glucose, computes GMI from a CGM mean glucose, and shows the IFCC mmol/mol equivalent plus the ADA category.

A1C ↔ eAG (ADAG)

lab A1C → average glucose

eAG(mg/dL) = 28.7 × A1C − 46.7 ; mmol/L = ÷ 18.0156

Reverse: A1C = (eAG + 46.7) / 28.7. IFCC mmol/mol = (A1C − 2.15) × 10.929.

GMI (Bergenstal 2018)

CGM mean glucose → estimate

GMI% = 3.31 + 0.02392 × mean glucose(mg/dL)

A CGM-derived estimate of A1C — not a lab A1C, and it commonly differs.

Worked example · A1C 7% (hard-number check)
eAG
≈ 154 mg/dL
eAG (SI)
≈ 8.6 mmol/L
IFCC
≈ 53 mmol/mol
  1. 1
    A1C → eAG: 28.7 × 7 − 46.7 = 154 mg/dL; ÷ 18.0156 = 8.6 mmol/L.
  2. 2
    GMI is different: A CGM mean glucose of 150 mg/dL gives GMI = 3.31 + 0.02392 × 150 ≈ 6.9% — below the 7% lab A1C above, showing eAG ≠ GMI.
The distinction that matters

eAG is not GMI — and A1C isn't always reliable

The single most common error — including in AI answers — is treating a CGM's GMI as a lab A1C. They come from different equations and different sources, and they commonly disagree.

eAG comes from a lab A1C; GMI comes from a CGM

eAG is derived from a laboratory A1C via the ADAG equation. GMI is derived from CGM mean glucose (14+ days preferred) via the Bergenstal equation, and about 1 in 5 people differ from their lab A1C by ≥ 0.5 percentage points. GMI estimates A1C — it is not your A1C.

A1C is a screening estimate, not a diagnosis

A1C can be unreliable in anemia, hemoglobinopathies (HbS/C/E), recent transfusion, pregnancy, advanced CKD or high red-cell turnover. Treat every figure here as an estimate for education, and confirm results and decisions with a clinician. Reference data as of 2026.
Reference

ADA categories & the units you'll see

ADA Standards of Care screening categories: below 5.7% normal, 5.7–6.4% prediabetes, 6.5% or higher diabetes. Glucose is reported in mg/dL (US) or mmol/L (international, mg/dL ÷ 18.0156), and A1C itself in NGSP % or IFCC mmol/mol. Mislabelling units on a medical page is dangerous — this tool keeps them in sync and labels every value.

FAQ

Frequently asked questions

A1C converts to estimated average glucose using the ADAG equation: eAG (mg/dL) = 28.7 × A1C − 46.7. Divide that by 18.0156 for mmol/L. For example, an A1C of 7% is about 154 mg/dL (8.6 mmol/L). The reverse is A1C = (eAG + 46.7) / 28.7, so an average glucose of 154 mg/dL maps back to roughly 7.0%. These are estimates — the ADAG study reported a strong but not perfect correlation (r² = 0.84).

No. GMI (Glucose Management Indicator) is calculated from your CGM mean glucose using GMI% = 3.31 + 0.02392 × mean glucose (mg/dL), a different equation introduced by Bergenstal in 2018. It estimates A1C but commonly differs from a lab A1C — validation studies found about 1 in 5 people differ by 0.5 percentage points or more. GMI answers "what has my average been on the CGM"; a lab A1C measures glycated hemoglobin directly. Never treat a CGM-derived GMI as your official A1C.

Using the ADA Standards of Care screening categories: an A1C below 5.7% is normal, 5.7% to 6.4% is prediabetes, and 6.5% or higher is in the diabetes range. These are screening thresholds, not a diagnosis on their own — diagnosis usually requires confirmation and clinical context, so discuss any result with a clinician.

Most of the world outside the US reports A1C in IFCC units (mmol/mol) rather than NGSP percent. The conversion is mmol/mol = (A1C% − 2.15) × 10.929, so a 7% NGSP A1C equals about 53 mmol/mol. Our calculator shows both so you can read a lab report in either system.

A1C depends on red blood cell lifespan, so it can be misleading in anemia, hemoglobinopathies (such as HbS, HbC or HbE traits), recent blood transfusion, pregnancy (especially the 2nd and 3rd trimesters), advanced chronic kidney disease or erythropoietin use, and any condition with high red-cell turnover. In those situations A1C may not reflect true average glucose — a clinician may rely on fructosamine, CGM data or direct glucose testing instead.

Yes — it is completely free with no sign-up, and every calculation runs entirely in your browser. Nothing you enter is sent to a server or stored. It is general health information for education, not medical advice.

Sources

Method, standards & references

Methodology: eAG uses the ADAG equation (28.7×A1C − 46.7 mg/dL; ÷18.0156 for mmol/L); the reverse is (eAG + 46.7)/28.7. GMI uses Bergenstal 2018 (3.31 + 0.02392 × CGM mean glucose) and is distinct from a lab A1C. IFCC mmol/mol = (A1C − 2.15) × 10.929. ADA categories: normal <5.7%, prediabetes 5.7–6.4%, diabetes ≥6.5%. Constants are held in versioned config (ADA Standards of Care 2026; NGSP/ADAG; Bergenstal 2018 (GMI)); all calculations run client-side and nothing is stored. Reference data as of 2026. Screening estimate, not a diagnosis.

Cross-links

Checking kidney function alongside glucose? Use the eGFR Calculator.

How we calculate this

Reviewed by Reckonist Editorial · Last reviewed July 2026. Figures follow the methods and sources set out in our editorial standards.

These conversions use the NGSP/ADAG eAG equation, Bergenstal 2018 GMI, and ADA 2026 thresholds. eAG is derived from a lab A1C; GMI is CGM-derived and commonly differs — it is not your A1C. This is general health information for education, not medical advice, and not a diagnosis. A1C is unreliable in several conditions (anemia, hemoglobinopathies, pregnancy, recent transfusion, CKD) — always confirm with a clinician.

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